🩸 Chapter 506 · Definitions and Classification of Hemolytic Anemias

Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 22nd Edition | Hemolysis → premature RBC destruction. Labs: reticulocytosis, ↑indirect bilirubin, ↑LDH, ↓haptoglobin. Reticulocyte index (RI) = reticulocyte% × (Hct/45) × (1/μ). Intravascular vs extravascular hemolysis. Morphologic clues: spherocytes (HS, AIHA), schistocytes (MAHA, TTP/HUS), sickle cells (SCD), bite cells (G6PD).

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📋 30 Clinical Scenarios — Recognizing Hemolytic Anemias

📇 High‑Yield Review Cards (Hemolytic Anemias)

🩺 Clinical Recognition: Signs & Symptoms of Hemolysis

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📋 Stepwise Diagnostic Algorithm for Hemolytic Anemia

🔑 Key Formulas & Interpretation — Nelson Ch 506
• Reticulocyte Index (RI) = reticulocyte% × (observed Hct / normal Hct) × (1/μ)
   μ = maturation factor (1 for Hct>30%, 1.5 for Hct 15-30%, 2 for Hct <15%)
• Normal RI ~1.0. RI >2-3 → hemolysis or blood loss.
• Intravascular hemolysis: hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria, hemosiderinuria, ↓haptoglobin (binds free Hb).
• Extravascular hemolysis: splenomegaly, ↑indirect bilirubin, ↑LDH, ↓haptoglobin (mild-mod).

    ⚡ Reflex Prompts — Clinical Scenarios in Hemolysis

    📖 Summary: Hemolytic Anemias — Classification & Diagnosis (Nelson Ch 506)