🦵 Section 716.4 · Coronal Plane Deformities

Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 22nd Edition | Genu Varum (bowlegs) — physiologic vs pathologic (Blount disease, rickets). Genu Valgum (knock-knees) — physiologic peaks at 3-4 years, resolves by 7 years. Blount disease (tibia vara): infantile (1-3y), juvenile (4-10y), adolescent (11y+). Drennan angle >16° predicts progression. Langenskiold classification. Bracing vs osteotomy.

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📋 30 Clinical Scenarios — Coronal Plane Deformities

📇 High‑Yield Review Cards

🩺 Clinical Recognition: Coronal Plane Deformities

Select a presentation to review diagnostic clues and management per Nelson 716.4.

📋 Stepwise Management of Coronal Plane Deformities

🔑 Key Principles — Nelson Section 716.4
• Genu Varum (Bowlegs): Physiologic until 2 years. Pathologic if persists >2y, unilateral, abrupt angulation, short stature. Causes: Blount disease, rickets, skeletal dysplasia.
• Genu Valgum (Knock-knees): Physiologic peak 3-4 years (up to 12°), resolves by 7 years. Pathologic if >15°, asymmetric, persistent >7y, pain.
• Blount Disease (Tibia Vara): Infantile (1-3y): Black females, obesity. Drennan angle (M-D) >16° predicts progression. Langenskiold stages I-VI.
• Treatment Blount: Age <3y and stage 3y or stage III+ → proximal tibial valgus osteotomy.
• Late-onset Blount: Juvenile (4-10y) and adolescent (11y+). Associated with obesity. Osteotomy + possible hemiplateau elevation.

    ⚡ Reflex Prompts — Clinical Decisions

    📖 Summary: Coronal Plane Deformities (Nelson 716.4)