Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 22nd Edition | Food-borne trematodes (flukes) infect humans after ingestion of undercooked freshwater fish, crustaceans, or aquatic plants. Liver flukes (Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis, Fasciola hepatica) → cholangitis, cholangiocarcinoma. Lung fluke (Paragonimus westermani) → cough, hemoptysis, mimics TB. Intestinal flukes (Fasciolopsis buski) → diarrhea, abdominal pain. Diagnosis: stool/duodenal aspirate microscopy for eggs (operculated). Treatment: praziquantel (most species; except Fasciola → triclabendazole). Prevention: cook freshwater fish/crustaceans, avoid raw watercress.
🌐 paeds.online — Pakistan's Pediatric Platform| Fluke Type | First-Line Drug | Dose (Praziquantel unless noted) |
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